Unicode.Char

Version of the Unicode standard used by this package: 15.1.0.

Since: 0.3.0

Unicode General Categories.

These classes are defined in the Unicode Character Database, part of the Unicode standard.

Note: the classes must be in the same order they are listed in the Unicode Standard, because some functions (e.g. generalCategory) rely on the Enum instance.

Since: 0.3.0

Types of Code Points.

These classes are defined in the section 2.4 “Code Points and Characters” of the Unicode standard.

Since: 0.4.1

The Unicode general category of the character.

This property is defined in the column 2 of the UnicodeData table.

This relies on the Enum instance of GeneralCategory, which must remain in the same order as the categories are presented in the Unicode standard.

show (generalCategory c) == show (Data.Char.generalCategory c)

Since: 0.3.0

Selects the first 128 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ASCII character set.

Selects the first 256 characters of the Unicode character set, corresponding to the ISO 8859-1 (Latin-1) character set.

Selects ASCII lower-case letters, i.e. characters satisfying both isAscii and isLower.

Selects ASCII upper-case letters, i.e. characters satisfying both isAscii and isUpper.

Selects Unicode punctuation characters, including various kinds of connectors, brackets and quotes.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

• ConnectorPunctuation
• DashPunctuation
• OpenPunctuation
• ClosePunctuation
• InitialQuote
• FinalQuote
• OtherPunctuation

isPunctuation c == Data.Char.isPunctuation c

Since: 0.3.0

Selects Unicode symbol characters, including mathematical and currency symbols.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise: * MathSymbol * CurrencySymbol * ModifierSymbol * OtherSymbol

isSymbol c == Data.Char.isSymbol c

Since: 0.3.0

Selects control characters, which are the non-printing characters of the Latin-1 subset of Unicode.

This function returns True if its argument has the GeneralCategory Control.

isControl c == Data.Char.isControl c

Since: 0.3.0

Selects printable Unicode characters (letters, numbers, marks, punctuation, symbols and spaces).

This function returns False if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or True otherwise:

• LineSeparator
• ParagraphSeparator
• Control
• Format
• Surrogate
• PrivateUse
• NotAssigned

isPrint c == Data.Char.isPrint c

Since: 0.3.0

Selects Unicode mark characters, for example accents and the like, which combine with preceding characters.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

• NonSpacingMark
• SpacingCombiningMark
• EnclosingMark

isMark c == Data.Char.isMark c

Since: 0.3.0

Selects Unicode space and separator characters.

This function returns True if its argument has one of the following GeneralCategorys, or False otherwise:

• Space
• LineSeparator
• ParagraphSeparator

isSeparator c == Data.Char.isSeparator c

Since: 0.3.0

Returns the CodePointType of a character.

Since: 0.6.0

Abbreviation of GeneralCategory used in the Unicode standard.

Since: 0.3.0

Returns True for alphabetic Unicode characters (lower-case, upper-case and title-case letters, plus letters of caseless scripts and modifiers letters).

Note: this function is not equivalent to isAlpha / isLetter:

• isAlpha matches the following general categories:

  • UppercaseLetter (Lu)
  • LowercaseLetter (Ll)
  • TitlecaseLetter (Lt)
  • ModifierLetter (Lm)
  • OtherLetter (Lo)

• whereas isAlphabetic matches:

  • Uppercase property
  • Lowercase property
  • TitlecaseLetter (Lt)
  • ModifierLetter (Lm)
  • OtherLetter (Lo)
  • LetterNumber (Nl)
  • Other_Alphabetic property

Since: 0.3.0

Returns True for any whitespace characters, and the control characters \t, \n, \r, \f, \v.

See: Unicode White_Space.

Note: isWhiteSpace is not equivalent to isSpace. isWhiteSpace selects the same characters from isSpace plus the following:

• U+0085 NEXT LINE (NEL)
• U+2028 LINE SEPARATOR
• U+2029 PARAGRAPH SEPARATOR

Since: 0.3.0

Returns True for any noncharacter.

A noncharacter is a code point that is permanently reserved for internal use (see definition D14 in the section 3.4 “Characters and Encoding” of the Unicode Standard).

Noncharacters consist of the values U+nFFFE and U+nFFFF (where n is from 0 to 10₁₆) and the values U+FDD0..U+FDEF.

Since: 0.6.0

Determine whether a character is a jamo L, V or T character.

Since: 0.1.0

Total count of all jamo characters.

jamoNCount = jamoVCount * jamoTCount

Since: 0.1.0

First leading consonant jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

Total count of leading consonant jamo.

Since: 0.3.0

Given a Unicode character, if it is a leading jamo, return its index in the list of leading jamo consonants, otherwise return Nothing.

Since: 0.1.0

Last leading consonant jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

First vowel jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

Total count of vowel jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

Given a Unicode character, if it is a vowel jamo, return its index in the list of vowel jamo, otherwise return Nothing.

Since: 0.1.0

Last vowel jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

The first trailing consonant jamo.

Note that jamoTFirst does not represent a valid T, it represents a missing T i.e. LV without a T. See comments under jamoTIndex .

Since: 0.1.0

Total count of trailing consonant jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

Given a Unicode character, if it is a trailing jamo consonant, return its index in the list of trailing jamo consonants, otherwise return Nothing.

Note that index 0 is not a valid index for a trailing consonant. Index 0 corresponds to an LV syllable, without a T. See "Hangul Syllable Decomposition" in the Conformance chapter of the Unicode standard for more details.

Since: 0.1.0

Last trailing consonant jamo.

Since: 0.1.0

Codepoint of the first pre-composed Hangul character.

Since: 0.1.0

Codepoint of the last Hangul character.

Since: 0.1.0

Determine if the given character is a precomposed Hangul syllable.

Since: 0.1.0

Determine if the given character is a Hangul LV syllable.

Note: this function requires a precomposed Hangul syllable but does not check it. Use isHangul to check the input character before passing it to isHangulLV.

Since: 0.1.0

Returns True for lower-case characters.

It uses the character property Lowercase.

See: isLower for the legacy predicate.

Since: 0.3.0

Returns True for upper-case characters.

It uses the character property Uppercase.

Note: it does not match title-cased letters. Those are matched using: generalCategory c == TitlecaseLetter.

See: isUpper for the legacy predicate.

Since: 0.3.0

Returns the full folded case mapping of a character if the character is changed, else nothing.

It uses the character property Case_Folding.

Since: 0.3.1

Convert a character to full folded case if defined, else to itself.

This function is mainly useful for performing caseless (also known as case insensitive) string comparisons.

A string x is a caseless match for a string y if and only if:

foldMap toCaseFoldString x == foldMap toCaseFoldString y

The result string may have more than one character, and may differ from applying toLowerString to the input string. For instance, “ﬓ” (U+FB13 Armenian small ligature men now) is case folded to the sequence “մ” (U+0574 Armenian small letter men) followed by “ն” (U+0576 Armenian small letter now), while “µ” (U+00B5 micro sign) is case folded to “μ” (U+03BC Greek small letter mu) instead of itself.

It uses the character property Case_Folding.

toCaseFoldString c == foldMap toCaseFoldString (toCaseFoldString c)

Since: 0.3.1

Returns the full lower case mapping of a character if the character is changed, else nothing.

It uses the character property Lowercase_Mapping.

Since: 0.3.1

Convert a character to full lower case if defined, else to itself.

The result string may have more than one character. For instance, “İ” (U+0130 Latin capital letter I with dot above) maps to the sequence: “i” (U+0069 Latin small letter I) followed by “ ̇” (U+0307 combining dot above).

It uses the character property Lowercase_Mapping.

See: toLower for simple lower case conversion.

toLowerString c == foldMap toLowerString (toLowerString c)

Since: 0.3.1

Returns the full title case mapping of a character if the character is changed, else nothing.

It uses the character property Titlecase_Mapping.

Since: 0.3.1

Convert a character to full title case if defined, else to itself.

The result string may have more than one character. For instance, “fl” (U+FB02 Latin small ligature FL) is converted to the sequence: “F” (U+0046 Latin capital letter F) followed by “l” (U+006C Latin small letter L).

It uses the character property Titlecase_Mapping.

See: toTitle for simple title case conversion.

Since: 0.3.1

Returns the full upper case mapping of a character if the character is changed, else nothing.

It uses the character property Uppercase_Mapping.

Since: 0.3.1

Convert a character to full upper case if defined, else to itself.

The result string may have more than one character. For instance, the German “ß” (U+00DF Eszett) maps to the two-letter sequence “SS”.

It uses the character property Uppercase_Mapping.

See: toUpper for simple upper case conversion.

toUpperString c == foldMap toUpperString (toUpperString c)

Since: 0.3.1

Show the code point of a character using the Unicode Standard convention: hexadecimal codepoint padded with zeros if inferior to 4 characters.

>>> showCodePoint '\xf' ""
"000F"
>>> showCodePoint '\x1ffff' ""
"1FFFF"

Since: 0.6.0

The fromEnum method restricted to the type Char.

The toEnum method restricted to the type Char.